ATATURK'S MONUMENT - ANKARA, TURKEY [1060 TU] Kemal Atatürk (1881– 1938), "Father of the Turks,” was the founder and first president of the Turkish Republic. As president, Atatürk instituted forms of democracy, including a unicameral parliament, a responsible government, and a modern bureaucracy. Secularism was promoted, with the disestablishment of Islam as the state religion, replacement of religious with secular institutions of education and justice, emancipation of women, adoption of modern Western clothing and Latin script, and enforcement of equality for all citizens regardless of religion.
